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Atlantic Chub mackerel
Scomber colias
Κολιός

Sustainability Status

Legal size is significally smaller

Fishstocks – Declining due to overexploitation
Think before you eat – This species faces increasing pressures and should only be consumed responsibly
Atlantic Chub mackerel
Κολιός
Maquereau blanc
Lazardo
Estornino del Atlántico
Kolyoz
Cavala
Spaanse makreel

Legal

Minimum Size

18cm

Prohibited Consumption Period

None

Sustainable

Minimum Size

21cm

Avoid Consumption Period

Year round

Advice for Consumption

Think before consuming it. Always respect sustainable size limits and breeding seasons. This is a highly exploited species. Consume responsibly.
Toxicity
Do not consume regulary, possible scombroid poisoning (histamine toxicity) if not immediately chilled after catching.
Description
Has a slender body, reaching up to 60 cm in length but specimens of over 30 cm are rare, likely due to fishing pressure. It has a pointed snout, and like the common mackerel, the dorsal fins are spaced apart. Ventral fins are present on the fromt of the body, at the level of the pectoral fins. The body is covered in small scales, with larger scales at the back of the head and on the pectoral fins. Its swim bladder allows it to quickly dive deep. THe body has a bluish-green coloration with yellowish hues and dark spots along the flanks. The belly and lower part of the flanks are white. Very similar to Scomber japonicus, recent genetic studies identified them as different species
IUCN info
Did you know?
Until recently, all studies in the Atlantic, Mediterranean and Black Sea refer to S. japonicus instead of S. colias. However, morphologic and genetic data are in agreement with the recognition of two different species, S. colias in the Atlantic and S. japonicus in the Indo-Pacific

Help protect our seas by reporting illegal or undersized fish you encounter in markets, restaurants, or fishing boats.

Ecological Aspects

Diet

Carnivorous. Feeds on zooplankton, crustaceans, small pelagic fish.

Habitat

Pelagic. Live in schools. Adults stay near the bottom during the day but move to open water at night.

Max Size & Depth Range

Max. length: 55cm. Max. weight: 2,9kg. Depth range: 0 - 300m.

Breeding & Growth

Gonochoric (seperate sexes). Batch spawner, spawning occurs in spring to summer when ocean temperatures are between 15-20°C. Growth rate: low - moderate (k = 0,245).

Longevity & Presence

Lifespan: 5-7 years. Distribution: Mediterranean, south Black sea, warm Atlantic waters

Appearance Changes

Live mackerel can shift skin color rapidly in response to crowding stress (e.g., in nets), changing tones based on how distressed the school is

Reproductive Cycle

Egg count: 41,325 - 494,500 eggs Reproductive Frequency: numerous times throughout spawning season

Good choice – Consumption of this species is currently considered sustainable

Illegal species – Fishing, selling and consumption of this species is illegal

Fishstocks – Declining due to overexploitation

Think before you eat – This species faces increasing pressures and should only be consumed responsibly

Bad choice – Consumption of this species is unsustainable

Health concerns
Can accumulate dangerously high levels of toxic substances harmful to health

Alien / Invasive – This species is not from this region and can have a negative impact on the ecosystem and threaten local biodiversity, so it is sustainable to eat

Aquafarms – You will commonly find this species coming from aquafarms