Archipelagos provides analyses of drinking water on various islands of the Aegean, focusing especially on the islands where local authorities do not conduct regular monitoring. In most places drinking water can originate from different sources, hence there can be a risk of pollution caused by nearby anthropogenic activities, but also by natural erosion of rocks (e.g. arsenic can naturally erode from certain types of igneous or sedimentary rocks, posing a danger to human health). On small islets and islands of the Aegean, where water resources are limited and potable water is transported to people via water tankers, the water quality can differ with every shipment delivered. Therefore, the local communities are unsure of the safety of their drinking water and frequently buy bottled water as a precaution. Apart from being costly and adding more plastic waste to the environment, the bottled water may not even be of higher quality than the government-provided drinking water..

The Archipelagos laboratory provides local island communities with water quality analyses in order to ensure that they have access to free and safe drinking water. In addition, in regions where contamination of groundwater is possible, this water is also tested. When sources of pollution are detected, Archipelagos collaborates with local, national and EU authorities in order to eliminate them.